Abstract
Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease that affects a significant portion of the population. In Brazil, in surveillance research on risk and protective factors for diseases, more than half of the Brazilian population, 56% are overweight. In this scenario, liraglutide and semaglutide are medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Tirzepatide is the first dual GLP1/GIP receptor co-agonist that has been approved for the treatment of T2DM and obesity. Objective: It was to present the major clinical outcomes of the action of the co-agonist tirzepatide to liraglutide and semaglutide in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: The PRISMA Platform systematic review rules were followed. The research was carried out from September to October 2024 in the Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 84 articles were found, and 52 articles were evaluated and 23 were included in this systematic review. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 8 studies with a high risk of bias and 19 studies that did not meet GRADE. Most studies showed homogeneity in their results, with X2 =79.8% >50%. It was concluded that in people without diabetes, 5 to 15 mg of tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity (SURMOUNT-1) resulted in substantial reductions in body weight (16.5% to 22.4%) over some time. 72 weeks. Furthermore, liraglutide (3.0 mg) as a medication for the treatment of obesity, in association with lifestyle changes, in patients with and without diabetes proved to be a good therapeutic option with a response about weight loss and maintenance, in addition to benefits secondary to clinical comorbidities associated with obesity.