Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
International Journal of Nutrology
Articles
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705272
Submitted: 02-06-2022
Published: 02-06-2022

Ortorexia nervosa: um desafio para o nutrólogo

Médica do Trabalho. Cursou Nutrologia pela Abran em 2014
Doutoranda na PPBENFBIO UNIRIO / Professora Adjunta da Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Orthorexia Nervosa Feeding Behavior Eating Disorders Nutrology

Abstract

The orthorexia nervosa is related with obsessive thoughts about healthy nutrition. This symptom has not been officially recognized as an eating disorder yet, not being present in the DSM -V. However, the literature discusses the concept of orthorexia nervosa that includes these characteristics, interactions, signs and symptoms and treatment. This work shows a systematic literature review of forty-three articles published since 1997 in order to map the knowledge about orthorexia to this date. This work focused on the importance of physician specialist in nutrology on diagnosis and monitoring these patients with a multidisciplinary team. The definition of risk groups and the criteria for diagnosis creating auxiliary methods as the ORTHO -15 are essential for the early diagnosis of this condition. The treatment of orthorexia requires a multidisciplinary team, involving nutritional experts, doctors, psychiatrists, psychologists, nutritionists, physical educator. In some cases, anti-serotoninergic drugs may be required as part of the treatment. Conclusion: More research is needed to define the diagnostic criteria and the prevalence of this eating disorder.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

  1. DUTRA-DE-OLIVEIRA, J.E.; SÉRGIO MARCHINNI, J. Ciências Nutricionais Aprendendo a aprender. Editora Sarvier,2.ed., 2008.
  2. DEL PRIORI, M.;AMANTINO, M. (orgs.). História do corpo no Brasil. São Paulo: Editora Unesp, 2011.
  3. CONTRERAS, J.; GARCIA, M.; tradução de Mayra Fonseca e Barbara Atie Guidalli. Alimentação, sociedade e cultura. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Fiocruz, 2011.
  4. American Psychiatry Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – DSM 5. 5th ed. Washington American Psychiatry Association, 2013.
  5. Organização Mundial da Saúde. CID-10 Classificação Estatística Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde. 10. rev. São Paulo: Universidade de São Paulo; 1997. vol.1 e 2.
  6. RIBAS, D.;SUEN, V. (orgs.). Tratado de Nutrologia. Coordenadores Barueri, SP: Manole, 2013. ISBN 978-85-204-3154-2. Capítulos 2 e 16.
  7. ALONSO, M.R.Z. Transtornos da Conduta Alimentar na Nutrologia Médica. Florianópolis-SC: Alternativa, 2008.
  8. WEINBERG, C.;CORDAS, T.A. Do altar as passarelas: da anorexia santa à anorexia nervosa. São Paulo: Annablume, 2006.
  9. MENDES, K.D.S., SILVEIRA, R.C.C.P., GALVÃO, C.M. Revisão integrativa: método de pesquisa para a incorporação de evidências na saúde e na enfermagem. Texto Contexto Enferm, Florianópolis, 2008 out.-dez.; 17(4): 758-64.
  10. BRATMAN, S. The Healthy Food Eating Disorder. Yoga Journal, 1997. Disponível em: <http://www.orthorexia.com/original-orthorexia-essay/>.
  11. BRATMAN, Steven;KNIGHT, David. Health Food Junkies. Nova York: Broadway Books, 2004.
  12. FIDAN, T;ERTEKIN, V;IŞIKAY, S;KIRPINAR,I. Prevalence of orthorexia among medical students in Erzurum, Turkey. Compr Psychiatry. 2010 Jan-Feb;51(1):49-54.
  13. MADER,U. [Orthorexia--the addiction to nourishing oneself “healthfully”]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2004 Apr 2;129(14):728.
  14. KIM, E. The impact of specific behavioral problems on the health-related quality of life of children and adolescents with epilepsy European Neuropsychopharmacology, 2014, Vol.24, pp.S731-S732.
  15. KESTELMAN, P.; KUTNOWSKI, C. Mental disorders in children with HIV/AIDS. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 2014, Vol.24, pp.S730-S731.
  16. KUMMER, A;DIAS, FM; TEIXEIRA, AL. On the concept of orthorexia nervosa. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2008 Jun;18(3):395-6.
  17. MOROZE, RM;DUNN, TM;CRAIG HOLLAND, J;YAGER, J;WEINTRAUB, P. Microthinking About Micronutrients: A Case of Transition From Obsessions About Healthy Eating to Near-Fatal “Orthorexia Nervosa” and Proposed Diagnostic Criteria. Psychosomatics. 2014.
  18. NYMAN,H. A direct question: Is orthorexia a correct word for a wrong concept?. Lakartidningen. 2002 Jan 31;99(5):423-4.
  19. Ramos P; Pérez De Eulate L ; Liberal S; Latorre M. La imagen corporal en relación con los TCA en adolescentes vascos de 12 a 18 años Revista de Psicodidáctica, 2003(15-16), p.65.
  20. RÖSSNER, S. Orthorexia nervosa — a new disease? Lakartidningen. 2004.
  21. TRICAS-SAURAS, Sandra. Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en la vida adulta. Enfermeria Clinica, 2011, Vol.21(3), pp.185-186.
  22. AKSOYDAN, E;CAMCI, N. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among Turkish performance artists. Eat Weight Disord. 2009 Mar;14(1):33-7.
  23. ALVARENGA, MS; MARTINS, MC;SATO, KS;VARGAS, SV;PHILIPPI, ST;SCAGLIUSI,FB. Orthorexia nervosa behavior in a sample of Brazilian dietitians assessed by the Portuguese version of ORTO-15. Eat Weight Disord. 2012 Mar;17(1):29-35.
  24. AMAYA HERNANDEZ, A.; MANCILLA DIAZ, J.M.; VAZQUEZ AREVALO, R.; FRANCO PAREDES, K. Programas basados en la Internet para la prevencion y tratamiento de trastornos de la alimentacion: una revision.(Report) Psicologia y Salud, July-Dec, 2010, Vol.20(2), p.145(13).
  25. AMARAL, C.O.F.; DIAS, Rafaela Vicensotto; FERREIRA, Maria Fernanda A. C. Rogê; PARIZI, Arlete Gomes Santos; OLIVEIRA, Adilson. Estudo da relação entre transtornos alimentares e saúde bucal - Relationship between eating disorders and changes in oral health - Arch. oral res. (Impr.);7(2): 205-215, May/Aug. 2011.
  26. ARUSOĞLU, G;KABAKÇI, E;KÖKSAL, G;MERDOL, TK. Orthorexia nervosa and adaptation of ORTO-11 into Turkish. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2008 Fall;19(3):283-91.
  27. BAĞCI BOSI, AT;CAMUR, D; GÜLER, C. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in resident medical doctors in the faculty of medicine (Ankara, Turkey). Appetite. 2007 Nov;49(3):661-6. Epub 2007.
  28. BARTHELS, F;PIETROWSKY, R. Orthorectic eating behaviour - nosology and prevalence rates. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 2012 Dec;62(12):445-9. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1312630. Epub 2012 Jun 14. Review.
  29. BARTRINA, JA. Orthorexia or when a healthy diet becomes an obsession. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2007 Dec;57(4):313-5.
  30. BO, S;ZOCCALI, R;PONZO, V;SOLDATI, L;DE CARLI, L;BENSO, A;et al. University courses, eating problems and muscle dysmorphia: are there any associations? J Transl Med. 2014 Aug 7;12:221.
  31. BRYTEK-MATERA, A;KRUPA, M;POGGIOGALLE, E;DONINI, LM. Adaptation of the ORTHO-15 test to Polish women and men. Eat Weight Disord. 2014 Mar;19(1):69-76. doi:10.1007/s40519-014-0100-0. Epub 2014 Jan 22. Erratum in: Eat Weight Disord. 2014 Jun;19(2):271.
  32. CARTWRIGHT, MM. Eating disorder emergencies: understanding the medical complexities of the hospitalized eating disordered patient. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2004 Dec;16(4):515-30.
  33. CATALINA ZAMORA, ML; BOTE BONAECHEA, B; GARCÍA SÁNCHEZ, F;RÍOS RIAL, B. Orthorexia nervosa. A new eating behavior disorder? Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2005 Jan-Feb;33(1):66-8.
  34. DONINI, LM;MARSILI, D;GRAZIANI, MP; IMBRIALE, M;CANNELLA, C. Orthorexia nervosa: a preliminary study with a proposal for diagnosis and an attempt to measure the dimension of the phenomenon. Eat Weight Disord. 2004 Jun;9(2):151-7.
  35. DONINI, LM; MARSILI, D; GRAZIANI, MP; IMBRIALE, M; CANNELLA, C. Orthorexia nervosa: validation of a diagnosis questionnaire. Eat Weight Disord. 2005 Jun;10(2):e28-32.
  36. ERIKSSON, L;BAIGI, A;MARKLUND, B;LINDGREN, EC. Social physique anxiety and sociocultural attitudes toward appearance impact on orthorexia test in fitness participants. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2008 Jun;18(3):389-94.
  37. FIDAN, T;ERTEKIN, V;IŞIKAY, S;KIRPINAR, I. Prevalence of orthorexia among medical students in Erzurum. Turkey. Compr Psychiatry. 2010 Jan-Feb;51(1):49-54.
  38. HEPWORTH, K. Eating disorders today — not just a girl thing. J Christ Nurs. 2010 Jul-Sep;27(3):236-41; quiz 242-3.
  39. HERRANZ VALERA, J;ACUÑA RUIZ, P;ROMERO VALDESPINO, B;VISIOLI, F. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among ashtanga yoga practitioners: a pilot study. Eat Weight Disord. 2014 Dec;19(4):469-72.
  40. JANAS-KOZIK, M; ZEJDA, J;STOCHEL, M;BROZEK, G; JANAS, A;JELONEK, I. Orthorexia--a new diagnosis? Psychiatr Pol. 2012 May-Jun;46(3):441-50.
  41. JENARO RÍO, Cristina; FLORES ROBAINA, Noelia Emma; BERMEJO, Belén G.; CRUZ, María Isabel. Cuestionario de Imagen Corporal para la detección temprana de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Acción psicológica, 2011, Vol.8(1), pp.7-20.
  42. KINZL, JF;HAUER, K;TRAWEGER, C;KIEFER, I. Orthorexia nervosa in dieticians. Psychother Psychosom. 2006;75(6):395-6.
  43. KORINTH, A;SCHIESS, S; WESTENHOEFER, J. Eating behaviour and eating disorders in students of nutrition sciences. Public Health Nutr. 2010 Jan;13(1):32-7.
  44. LÓPEZ MEDINA, María Dolores.Ortorexia: de sana inquietuda patología. Orthorexia: from a healthy concern to a pathology - Metas enferm;12(6): 14-19, jul. -ago. 2009. Ilus.
  45. MARAZZITI, D;PRESTA, S;BARONI, S;SILVESTRI, S; DELL’OSSO, L. Behavioral addictions: a novel challenge for psychopharmacology. CNS Spectr. 2014 Mar 4:1-10.
  46. MARIANO JUÁREZ, Lorenzo; ENCINAS CHAMORRO, Beatriz María. Trastornos de la alimentación y culto al cuerpo más allá de la anorexia y la bulimia: ortorexia, vigorexia y síndrome del gourmet -Changes in the habits of eating and obsession for the body: beyond anorexia, bulimia, ortorexia, vigorexia and the gourmet syndrom - Index enferm;12(40/41): 30-34, mar. 2003.
  47. MARTINS, Márcia Cristina Teixeira; ALVARENGA, Marle dos Santos; VARGAS, Sílvia Viviane Alves; SATO, Karen Sayuri Cabral de Jesus; SCAGLIUSI, Fernanda Baeza. Ortorexia nervosa: reflexões sobre um novo conceito - Orthorexia nervosa: reflections about a new concept - Rev. nutr;24(2): 345-357, mar.-abr. 2011.
  48. MATAIX, J. Culto al cuerpo: ¿cuál es el precio de la belleza? Actas dermosifiliograficas, 2012, Vol.103(8), pp.655-660.
  49. MATHIEU, J. What is orthorexia? J Am Diet Assoc. 2005 Oct;105(10):1510-2.
  50. NAVARRO, F. A. ¿Quién lo usó por vez primera? Ortorexia Panace@: Revista de Medicina, Lenguaje y Traducción, 2007, Vol.8(25)
  51. OLSEN DO VALE, Antonio Maia; SANSIGOLO KERR, Ligia Regina ; MAGALHAES BOSI, Maria Lucia. Comportamentos de risco para transtornos do comportamento alimentar entre adolescentes do sexo feminino de diferentes estratos sociais do Nordeste do Brasil. (Texto en Portuguese) (Perspectiva general de la enfermedad/trastorno) Ciencia & Saude Coletiva, Jan, 2011, Vol.16(1), p.121(12).
  52. PARK, SW;KIM, JY;GO, GJ;JEON, ES;PYO, HJ;KWON, YJ. Orthorexia nervosa with hyponatremia, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastimum, pneumothorax, and pancytopenia. Electrolyte Blood Press. 2011 Jun;9(1):32-7.
  53. PONTES, J.B., MONTAGNER, M.I., MONTAGNER, M.A. Ortorexia nervosa: adaptação cultural do orto-15. Demetra: Alimentação, nutrição & saúde; 2014; 9(2); 533-548.
  54. PONTES, Jackeline Barcelos;MONTAGNER, Miguel Ângelo. Ortorexia em estudantes de nutrição: a hipercorreção incorporada ao habitus profissional? 2012 — Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2012 Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, 2012.
  55. RAMACCIOTTI, CE; PERRONE, P;COLI, E; BURGALASSI, A;CONVERSANO, C;MASSIMETTI, G;et al. Orthorexia nervosa in the general population: a preliminary screening using a self-administered questionnaire (ORTO-15). Eat Weight Disord. 2011 Jun;16(2):e127-30.
  56. REBUFFO, Mariana; SIRAVEGNA, Maria Silvia; MEDRANO, Leonardo Adrian. Comorbilidad depresiva en mujeres con trastornos de conducta alimentaria. Psicologia y Salud, July-Dec, 2012, Vol.22(2), p.215(10).
  57. ROMERO CROCE, Jesus.El malestar actual de la cultura y la martirizacion del cuerpo. Psicologia y Salud, July-Dec, 2012, Vol.22(2), p.205(10).
  58. SADDICHHA, S;BABU, GN;CHANDRA, P. Orthorexia nervosa presenting as prodrome of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2012 Jan;134(1):110.
  59. SEGURA-GARCÍA, C; PAPAIANNI, MC; CAGLIOTI, F; PROCOPIO, L; NISTICÒ, CG; BOMBARDIERE, L; et al. Orthorexia nervosa: a frequent eating disordered behavior in athletes. Eat Weight Disord.2012 Dec;17(4):e226-33.
  60. VANDEREYCKEN, W. Media hype, diagnostic fad or genuine disorder? Professionals’ opinions about night eating syndrome, orthorexia, muscle dysmorphia, and emetophobia. Eat Disord. 2011 Mar-Apr;19(2):145-55.doi:10.1080/10640266.2011.551634.
  61. VARGA, M;DUKAY-SZABÓ, S;TÚRY, F;VAN FURTH, EF. Evidence and gaps in the literature on orthorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord. 2013 Jun;18(2):103-11. doi: 10.1007/s40519-013-0026-y. Epub 2013 Apr 12. Erratum in: Eat Weight Disord. 2013 Jun;18(2):113. van Furth Eric, F [corrected to van Furth, Eric F].
  62. VARGA, M;DUKAY-SZABO, S;TÚRY, F. Orthorexia nervosa and it’s background factors. Ideggyogy Sz. 2013 Jul 30;66(7-8):220-7.
  63. VARGA, M; THEGE, BK;DUKAY-SZABÓ, S; TÚRY, F;VAN FURTH, EF. When eating healthy is not healthy: orthorexia nervosa and its measurement with the ORTO15 in Hungary. BMC Psychiatry. 2014 Feb 28;14:59.

How to Cite

Luna, C. de A., & Belmonte, T. de S. A. (2022). Ortorexia nervosa: um desafio para o nutrólogo. International Journal of Nutrology, 9(1), 128–139. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1705272