Abstract
Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease and is considered the rheumatic condition with the greatest socioeconomic consequences, especially knee osteoarthritis, as it hinders mobility. Currently, there is no cure for OA; therefore, available treatments aim to reduce symptoms such as pain and inflammation, maintain joint mobility, and limit loss of function. Because OA has a known inflammatory component, nutrition is believed to play a vital role in the prevention and ongoing management of OA. Objective: This article aims to analyze the available evidence on the prevention and treatment of knee OA, including dietary interventions that may play a potential role in disease management. Methods: The systematic review guidelines of the PRISMA Platform were followed. The search was conducted from January to March 2025 across Scopus, Embase, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. Study quality was assessed using the GRADE tool, and risk of bias was analyzed using the Cochrane tool. Results and Conclusion: 154 articles were recruited for the initial assessment. A total of 58 articles were evaluated, and 29 were included in this systematic review. Using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, the overall assessment resulted in 42 studies with a high risk of bias and 24 studies that did not meet the GRADE criteria. Most studies presented homogeneous results, with X2 =69.7% > 50%. The results showed that some nutrients, vitamins, and antioxidants are widely discussed in the literature for the treatment and prevention of the disease. Free radical management is necessary, and the influence of nutrients and diet on cartilage metabolism and OA may represent a long-term adjuvant alternative in the treatment of patients with knee OA. The effects of dietary modifications on lipid and cholesterol profiles, adequate vitamin levels, and weight reduction in obese patients may influence the course of the disease.