Abstract
Introduction: Blood transfusion is a safe and life-saving medical procedure in which blood or its components (red blood cells, platelets, and plasma) are transferred from a healthy donor into the patient's bloodstream using an intravenous catheter. This method is used to replace blood lost due to injuries or surgery, or to treat severe anemia and chronic diseases such as cancer and thalassemia. Objective: To assess the efficacy of a proposed educational program on nurses’ knowledge of blood transfusion safety and identify the relationships between the demographic characteristics and their knowledge level. Design: A cross-sectional study was employed, utilizing a quantitative research methodology. The study was conducted between 19/11/2025 and 1/2/2026 to fulfill the predefined objectives. Methods: A convenience sample of nurses administering blood transfusions at Tarmia General Hospital was gathered. Data were gathered utilizing a structured questionnaire developed in accordance with WHO guidelines, encompassing demographic characteristics and associated variables, alongside knowledge pertaining to patient preparation, pre-transfusion responsibilities, post-transfusion protocols, and the management of blood transfusion reactions. The tool had multiple-choice questions scored as (1) for correct replies and (0) for wrong responses. Reliability was evaluated with the Kuder–Richardson Formula-20 for internal consistency. Pre-Period = 50.3409, Post-Period = 65.2919. Data were evaluated employing descriptive statistics, including observed frequencies, percentages, mean scores, standard deviations, and relative sufficiency (RS%), alongside the Binomial test, One-sample Chi-Square test, One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, McNemar test. Results: Knowledge increased from 49.8% to 79.3% in the post-test, and the average score also improved. Demographic characteristics and cognitive improvements were not substantially associated (p>0.05). Conclusion: The introduction of an educational program has markedly enhanced nurses' knowledge across all examined areas, whereas minor correlations have been identified with nurses' sociodemographic factors and some associated variables.