Abstract
Introduction: The exact etiology of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)is unknown, although it occurs due to a complex interplay between genetic, and environmental/ hormonal factors. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine for a possible relationship between RA and malnutrition, focusing on vitamins (D, A, B12) and trace elements (zinc, copper). This section will review the potential impact of these limitations on the progress and therapy targeting disease modifying in RA. Methods: The study comprised 1500 participants; among which there were 1200 patients diagnosed to be having RA based on the four treatment regimens criteria, i.e., biological therapy, chemotherapy and bio-chemotherapy only (with known disease severity), along with taking of these medications for at least the last three months, while the other set included healthy individuals (n =300). Serum levels of ACPA, vitamins (B, A, and D3), zinc and copper were measured using ELISA kits. Results: High ACPA in patients were found compared to the healthy (decreased after treatment, suggesting a relatively lower level), low vitamin D and A concentration, (larger) variations at vit B12, Zn, and Cu compared to controls. Deficiencies in vitamin B12, zinc and copper were significantly corrected by biological agents, chemotherapy, and bio-chemotheraphy while the latter's still higher among RA patients. These findings support the importance of addressing malnutrition, for example by supplementation or diet modification, as part of care in RA to possibly improve treatment response and quality of life. Conclusion: Deficiencies and imbalances in nutrients, primarily vitamins, and trace elements are significant in the management and development of RA disease